Kinds of Natural Deduction Propositional Calculus, Rules - 1650 Words

Kinds of Natural Deduction: Propositional Calculus, Deduction Rules (Essay Sample) Content: Natural DeductionsName of Student:Institution of LearningCourse TitleCity/stateDate of SubmissionIn proof and logic theory, ND is a type of natural deduction where logical reasoning is articulated through a set of inference rules that are almost similar to natural reasoning. This is in contrast to axiomatic systems where axioms are used to show set of logical laws that govern deductive reasoning. Different kinds of natural deductions exist. The whole concept of natural deduction stemmed from dissatisfaction with systems that were common of philosophers and great thinkers like Hilbert, Russell and Frege. These mathematicians applied these concepts in their Principia Mathematic principles. A moral way of making natural deductions to solving common problems in life, not necessarily mathematical problems was imminent around this time. After a series of seminars in Poland, greatest scientists and thinkers of those days attempted, and maybe succeeded in defining new truth l ogics that could surpass natural reasoning. In this type of reasoning, an individual must provide evidence for his assertions. A statement must be backed with enough truth so as to be considered true. But perhaps the current natural deduction is the brain works of Gentzen, a great German mathematician in those days. He was influenced with the desire to create consistency in results for number theory. In this regard he introduced an alternative system to cut elimination theory-the sequent calculus. He thus proved both intuitionistic and classical logic. His 1965 Natural Deduction; proof-theoretical became a reference for natural deduction.[Prawitz, Dag. 1965. Natural deduction; a proof-theoretical study. (Stockholm: Almqvist Wiksell)] [Anderson, John Mueller, and Henry W. Johnstone. 1962. Natural deduction, the logical basis of axiom systems. (Belmont, Calif: Wadsworth Pub. Co).] Propositional calculusThis type of calculus makes use of statement like and, not, or, if, then, if and o nly if to represent inferences for different situations.[Nidditch, P H. 1962. Propositional calculus, (New York: Free Press of Glencoe).] For example: Chelsea has won the Europa league and Liverpool has won the Europa leagueDeductions: Chelsea has won the Europa league.Liverpool has won the Europa league, tooThese statements are valid. It is true that both teams have won the Europa league. These are valid inferences, and one fact affects the other. It does not depend on which team one is talking about. These are declarative statements. Variables can be made from such deductions.For example(PQ)/Q These are achieved through manipulations of the original constants, may be through multiplications and divisions of the original constantsP*QPC can represent the above references. It is important to define the following:Logical constants = these are expressions with constant meanings; they are not variable.Truth functions = these are constants that express functions from truth values or tr uth tables.In PC the language used comprises variables that commonly use P, Q, R S and logical constants. The standard constants which are considered logical are = not = andv = or, + = if, then = if, and only if (iff)Sentences of propositional calculus include symbols that are combinations(lawful)of variables and constants. Examples to illustrate this are P(Chris isnt tall)P (Q R)(If Chris is short, then James is tall and Agnes isnt blonde)(P Q) ((P Q) (Q P))(If Henry is tall iff Margaret has brown hair, then if Henry is tall, then Margaret is blonde, and ifMargaret is blonde, thenHenry is tall)Etc.Excursus on scopeBrackets are used in propositional calculus so as to avoid ambiguities of scope.Here are further examples of PCsRepresentation meaningP P Q if P, then P and (conditional)(P P) Q strongerP (P Q) weakerThe use of brackets creates different me anings in each situation. If brackets were not used, there would be no clear distinctions. Brackets re used to create distinct meanings and without them the meanings are lost.Strong = the expression has strength enough to be considered false.Weak = the expression is weak enough to be trueMain constant = constants with wider possible scopes.Scope =this is the smallest formula that is part of an argument.Syntax of propositional calculus involves creations that do not really have to obey common grammar rules. In PC codes are used to modify valid inferences upon which constants depend. Syntax is therefore a language that is used to communicate formulasIf:P, Q, R, are formulae of PC.R is a PC formula, then X, the following are options that can be usedQ Q,Q v Q,QQ,QQ are formulae of PC.Truth TablesThese tables are used to simplify certain conditions that must be met if the inferences are to be valid. It just makes use of the terms that have already been discussed. It also uses Truth or F alse  statements to simplify assumptions. The following syntax will help in understanding.Each function is defined by basic functions that have already been inferred. For purposes of understanding, we use A and B as variables. The truth tables for A and B can be represented as shown below. F stands for false, while T stands for true. v Q Q R Q v R Q R Q R F T T TT T TT T TT T TT T F T F F T T F T F F T F F - F F T F T T F T T F F T - F FF F FF F T F F T F (i) Q is true if and only if Q is false.(ii) Q R is true if and only if Q is true and R is true.(iii) Q v R is true if and only ifQ is true or if R is true.(iv) Q R is true if and Q is not affected by R. Q could be true, while R is false. Or R could be true while Q is false.(v) Q REach truth table details all possible ways in which the given formula could be assigned the value T or F. That is, a truth table exhausts the values a truth function can have, given all possible arguments. In general, for a formula of n variables, its table will contain 2n rows, each specifying a way the world could be such that the formula receives a value. So, with P we have 21 = 2; with two variable formulae, we have 22 = 4. For the formula, P (Q R), we have 23 = 8. And so on.Inference rulesAssumption RuleOne can insert any letter at the start of a formula and consistently assume it throughout his deductions for exampleA=B(ii) Double Negation AB can be double negated so that it becomes AB. two negations cancel each other. A could mean presence of rain. When negated the meaning also changes: it now means the opposite i.e. presence of rain. B could mean an event occurring, e.g. going to school. When negated B means the opposite i.e. not going to schoolOr conditionIf one says that a condition C is achieved in the presence of A or B, then, C can be represented as C=A +B. the (+) is used to denote (or)Introduction ru lesTrue judgments are made in instances when one is expected to prove that Q and R are propositions to denote a Q true and a R true. This can be represented as below:In these rules the propositions are the objects. The rule is an abbreviation of the longer version of the same ruleHere the first condition is satisfied through ^F rule of formation use previous forms of the conditions for A and B. under null conditions, truth can be derived with or without such conditions. They can be represented asThe truth for the above proposition can be established in different ways as shown, provided the meaning is not lost.Elimination rules are used to de-construct compound compositions. For example in A^B true, one concludes that both A and B...

Top Conservative Celebrities in Hollywood

For just about as long as anyone can remember, liberalism has been the political ideology of choice in Hollywood. But that is slowly beginning to change. Conservative Celebrities Below is a list of Tinseltown celebs who make no bones about their conservative commitments. Some youll know. Others might surprise you. Either way, enjoy and know that if youre a conservative, youre not alone (even though it might feel like it sometimes)! Trace Adkins: Country Music Singer TV PersonalityDanny Aiello: Film ActorAdam Baldwin: TV ActorStephen Baldwin: Actor, Radio PersonalityMichael Bay: Big Budget DirectorPat Boone: Singer, SongwriterWilfred Brimley: Commercial Actor Star of CocoonJerry Bruckheimer: TV Film ProducerJames Caan: Legendary Film ActorDrew Carey: Game Show Host Former TV StarAdam Carolla: Former Host of The Mans ShowTom Clancy: Espionage and Military Science AuthorJon Cryer: Notable Film TV ActorRobert Davi: TV Film ActorBo Derek: Model, Film Television ActressDale Earnhardt Jr.: American Race Car DriverClint Eastwood: Academy Award Winning Film Actor DirectorJohn Elway: Hall of Fame Quarterback Super Bowl MVP with the Denver BroncosSara Evans: Country Music SingerLou Ferrigno: TV Actor (Star of The Incredible Hulk King of Queens Guest Star)Mel Gibson: Film Actor Academy Award-Winning DirectorKelsey Grammer: TV Film Actor, Star of TVs Long-Running Series, FrasierRick Harrison: TV Host of Pawn Sta rsAngie Harmon: TV Film Actor, Star of TVs Law OrderElizabeth Hasslebeck: Former Survivor Contestant Co-Host of The ViewDennis Hopper: Actor, Director Two-Time Academy Award NomineePatricia Heaton: TV Actor, Female Lead in TVs Everybody Loves RaymondNaomi Judd: Country Music Singer, Actress AuthorLorenzo Lamas: TV ActorHeather Locklear: TV Film ActressSusan Lucci: Emmy Award-Winning Actress Soap StarDennis Miller: Actor, Stand-Up Comedian Political CommentatorChuck Norris: Legendary TV ActorTed Nugent: Legendary Musician, SpeakerSarah Palin: Reality TV StarRichard Petty: Seven-time NASCAR ChampionJohnny Ramone (John Cummings), Legendary Musician, Founder of ​The RamonesJohn Ratzenberger: TV Actor, Voice-Over PersonalityRobert James Kid Rock Ritchie: Singer, Song Writer RapperRobertson Family: Duck Dynasty Reality TV StarsAdam Sandler: Legendary Stand-Up Comedian, Saturday Night Live Alum Hollywood Film StarPat Sajak: Wheel of Fortune Game Show Host Political Column istCurt Schilling: World Series Champion Former Phillies, Diamondbacks Red Sox PitcherNick Searcy: TV and Film ActorTom Selleck: TV Film ActorRon Silver: TV Film ActorJessica Simpson: Singer, Actress TV PersonalityGary Sinise: Academy Award Nominated Film Actor TV StarSylvester Stallone: Producer, Director, Writer Legendary Film Actor, Star of Rocky Rambo FilmsBen Stein: Film Actor, Game Show Host Political CommentatorJohn Stossel: Investigative Reporter, SpeakerJanine Turner: Film TV ActorDonald Trump: Reality TV StarJon Voight: Academy Award-winning Film Actor and Political ActivistBruce Willis: Legendary Film Actor Two-Time Emmy Award WinnerLee Ann Womack: Country Music SingerJames Woods: Notable ActorDavid Zucker: Director of Airplane Naked Gun Films

My Preconception Of Leadership Is Not As Valued As It...

My preconception of leadership was not as valued as it should have been. Since coming to High Sierra, I have been challenged in such a positive way where I have found so much value in what it means to be a leader with working with a team but in the general areas of live as well. Reflecting back on my life when I was placed a leader in pass events, three very specific values became aware to me. Courage, integrity, and service are the three core values I found to have encompass the type of leadership that has been instilled within me; because of prior exposure to leader-like role models in my life. I feel as if my values have an overall theme that is directly parallel with my self-being as well as beneficial factors to how I aim in shaping†¦show more content†¦Whether my position is at leader or follower, to have courage can benefit others and myself by being able act courageously in a situation calling for such action. I think when one defines and studies the term courage; th ey will see all the positive aspects that come along with it. The importance I find in courage is when the situation calls for such a person, being able top perform appropriately in order to potentially save lives; I find no greater meaning. I could recall a couple of memories where I had to find the courageous part of me in order to perform exceptionally in both the follower and leadership position, As a follower, I was part of a mixed martial art academy and it was only about the beginning of my second month. I proved to exceed at a rapid rate and during this one day, the professional fighters and coaches had their eyes on me from the start of practice to the end and might is say that it was extremely difficult to perform above experienced fighters. Throughout that day and the week, I had to find whatever courage I could gather in order to perform above others yet at the same time have the mentality to be aware of others; so that they would see me as a leader in how to overcome weakness. Courage takes different forms, from being expressed as a follower or by a leader, such as being listed in Outdoor Leadership, admitting and learning from mistakes (Graham, 1997). Reminiscing on past events and seeing

Persuasive Speech Essay - 1164 Words

Persuasive Speech WHY BOTHER TO VOTE Introduction: Ever since this country was established citizens have fought for a right that often is not exercised by today’s youth; along with many others. This right that I speak of is the right to vote. In the beginning one had to be a white male landowner in order to receive this right. However through the years and many trying battles all citizens of the US that are 18 years and older have earned this right. Voting is something that many of us take for granted and do not realize the great importance of this right and our duty to do so. Your votes do effect not only the national elections but every election you choose to cast a vote in; such as school elections, along with the people that†¦show more content†¦iii. However, when state legislators opened suffrage allowing all white males to vote, at the same time they closed the door that previously allowed white woman of great economic status t o vote were closed iv. Discrimination towards blacks also kept them from voting in the early stages of this new democracy, and again doors that were once open were slammed shut for people of color. v. Through protesting and addition of the 15th, 19th, 24th, and the 26th amendment the doors for all American citizens were open to cast their ballots II. What your vote does and how it affects every aspect of our lives is really very simple to do, but rather quite important. A. Voting is an important part of our democratic process. It is a chance, for every eligible person to influence the policies that affect our lives on a daily basis. i. With only a simple mark on a ballot, voting lets us decide who our representatives will be and what our future will look like. ii. We also vote on school mileages, to decide whether or not to increase our property taxes, to support programs within our local schools. iii. These programs may include bussing issues, sporting events, the remodeling of a school, orShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Speech : Automatic Speech Recognition1610 Words   |  7 PagesAutomatic speech recognition is a tool that allows computers to translate spoken language into written text. This technology can assist users in interpreting and using audio information for applications such as transcribing interviews, human-computer interactions, and many more. Speech recognition is an application the Ministry of Justice has expressed great interest in. They wish to automate the conversion of voice recordings of inmate phone conversations to text, which can then be analyzed forRead MorePersuasive Essay On Hate Speech1612 Words   |  7 Pages In the name of free speech, hate speech should not be tolerated. Hate speech has devastating effects on the people and communities it is targeted at. Left unchecked hate speech can lead to harmful and violent e ffects. Over the past few years, the effects of hate speech used on women, homosexuals, ethnic groups and religious minorities have become more and more apparent. Hate speech can be very divisive in many of the situations it is used, depending on who interprets the expression can vary howRead MorePersuasive Essay On Freedom Of Speech1083 Words   |  5 PagesFreedom of Speech When the rules and doctrines of our country were first being assembled, the right minded individuals with the power of legislature took a page from John Locke and affirmed that Americans are endowed with a list of natural rights upon birth. The first and arguably most important notch on that list if the frequently used and abused First Amendment, our freedom of Speech. The First Amendment solemnly declares that Congress is incapable of passing any legislation which inhibits a citizen’sRead MoreSpeech : The Persuasive Speech761 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the persuasive speech I was really nervous. I know that this is the third presentation that I had to do, but I really had a hard time talking in front of everyone. That was very weird for me because I thought that I would already be used to speaking in front of the class since I’m always talking in class and participating. In my opinion, I feel that I did more wrong than right during this presentation. I know for a fa ct that I kept repeating myself. The reason for that was because I was reallyRead MorePersuasive Speech895 Words   |  4 PagesTo be Persuasive we must be Believable An American literary theorist and novelist, Kenneth Burke, once said, â€Å"Wherever there is persuasion, there is rhetoric, and wherever there is rhetoric, there is meaning.† (Burke) Barack Obama, Martin Luther King Jr. and Fannie Lou Hamer all delivered powerful persuasive speeches that will go down in history. The use of these motivational individuals’ language and persuasion played a pivotal role within the civil rights movement, the movement that achieved theRead MorePersuasive Speech1641 Words   |  7 Pagesto Public Speaking 14 November 2010 Persuasive Speech Reduce Landfill Waste by Reduce, Reuse and Recycling and the financial benefits I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Over half of the waste that ends up in the landfill does not belong there because it could have been recycled or reused. B. Credibility Statement: Not only do I religiously practice reducing, reusing, and recycling, but I have done a great deal of research for this speech, also research for a recycling projectRead MorePersuasive Speech1777 Words   |  8 PagesPersuasive speech outline purpose: To persuade my audience to donate blood through the American Red Cross. Introduction: 1. Did you know that blood donated to the American Red Cross saves XXX lives per year? 2. 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The Life of Oscar Wilde Essay - 1523 Words

The Life of Oscar Wilde The year is 1884 and many things have taken place in the life of our literary giant, Oscar Wilde has been married years and his touring of the United States and other countries have shown his of success in his writing all over the literary world. Some of his most recent writtings are The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891), A Woman of No Importance(1894) and his most resent essay known as The Decay of Lying is Oscar’s story of his outrage about the current style of writing that is going into the art society. What has happened to the spectacularness of this art, it has come down to being as horrid as what is being published in the local newspapers. Is it true that The Decay of Lying has fallen to its deepest†¦show more content†¦It was Wilde’s notion that there was much lacking in the literary works of the day, a cry from the masses that is was necessary to receive an answer, Wilde answered that call in the form of an essay, it was called The Decay of Lying. This particular essay is one that he felt that was needed to be written to wake up call to the present day writers about their failings to keep art as it is Art. There needs to be a clear explanation of what the definition of lying means and in what context. Random House - Websters College Dictionary defines a lie as the following: lie: verb, lied, lying - a false statement made with deliberate intent to deceive; a falsehood. Wildes intention of his creative writing is to be used as a outlet to escape from the Realism of life, which definition is to emphasizes the importance the ordinary, the lay person and the simplisticness of lives varied situations. It seem that the artists, have been rejecting the notion of stories based on the heroic, the aristocratic and firmly embraced the common man and the middle class. Why do we feel the need to dig deeper into the and read more about life? It seems that we have not learned anything in the centuries that have past. Wilde stated that the art of writing by some of the best know writers has boiled down to speaking of the everyday housekeeper and their daily routine. This is type of work is labeledShow MoreRelatedOscar Wilde s Life And Accomplishments1949 Words   |  8 PagesOn the 16th of October 1854, Oscar Wilde was born to father William Wilde and Mother Jane Elgee (Biography.com). I can say with the utmost conviction that he grew up not only to be a good man but a great one. Oscar was one of the brightest minds of his time. Frequently he tested the boundaries of what was acceptable in polite society. He would burn a mark into our society that continued to glow white hot long after his death on November 30, 1900. Wilde left an incredible legacy behind, because ofRead MoreOscar Wilde s Life And Accomplishments2070 Words   |  9 PagesDublin, Ireland during in the midst of the Victorian Age, Wilde s parents never expected that their son was going to be considered one of the greatest novelists, essayists, poets, and playwrights that Ireland had ever seen. From a young age, Oscar Wilde was constantly immersed in a sea of literature and poetry, having his parents read to him every Irish children s book they could find. His fervor for literature persisted throughout his entire life. 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He never believed that anyone had a trait that was completely unique, but we are taking bits and pieces of others to form our own identity. The people we take these bits and pieces are our particular and generalized others and they influ ence who we become and who we are now. Our identity and the person we develop into are stronglyRead More The Double Life in The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe Double Life in The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde The Importance of Being Earnest appears to be a conventional 19th century farce. False identities, prohibited engagements, domineering mothers, lost children are typical of almost every farce. However, this is only on the surface in Wildes play. His parody works at two levels- on the one hand he ridicules the manners of the high society and on the other he satirises the human condition in general. The characters in The ImportanceRead MoreThe Influences of Oscar Wilde The Picture of Dorian Gray1582 Words   |  7 PagesThe Influences of Oscar Wilde Throughout his life Oscar Wilde had many strong influences exerted upon him. During his early childhood his mother influenced him and into college some of his professors and certain philosophers left a substantial impression upon him. Into adulthood these influences leaked out in his writing. These influences gave him ample ideas for writing The Picture of Dorian Gray. Wildes study of the Hellenistic ideals of Epicurus, his coddled lifestyle as a child and his devotionRead More A Comparison of Oscar Wilde and Dorian Gray Essay1330 Words   |  6 PagesA Comparison of Oscar Wilde and Dorian Gray      Ã‚   One novel that stands out as literary masterpiece is The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde. Wilde wrote a dark tale of a man, Dorian Gray, who destroys his life by exchanging his soul for eternal youth and beauty. The character of Dorian Gray, in many aspects, mirrors the self-destruction of the authors own life. Therefore, Oscar Wilde portrays his own life through Dorian Gray, the main character of the novel. Oscar Fingal O FlahertieRead MoreThe Misunderstood Legacy of Oscar Wilde Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesThe Misunderstood Legacy of Oscar Wilde Surrounded by scandal caused by his own deception, Oscar Wilde left this world with a legacy of often misunderstood wit, a brilliant collection of writing, and sordid tales of an extramarital homosexual affair. The playwright progressed from a fashionable, flippant fop immersed in London society to a man broken by the public discovery of his relationship with Lord Alfred Douglas. In his prime, Oscar Wilde was a social butterfly, admired and acceptedRead MoreOscar Wilde1403 Words   |  6 PagesWalsh June 3, 2012 Oscar Wilde Oscar Wilde’s hopeful and romantic voice welcomes readers to a different point of view on poetry and life. 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Sales Promotion Technique Free Essays

Laura Schneider says that marketing is everything that we do to reach and persuade prospects. Marketing consists of the measures we use to reach and persuade our prospects. All of marketing components will cost producers or manufacturers that in turn will influence the retail price of a product. We will write a custom essay sample on Sales Promotion Technique or any similar topic only for you Order Now To exploit a potentially lucrative market is not as easy as just opening a room, and playing music. Diligent marketing research will actually be crucial to the success of conducting personal selling. Careful consideration should be given to a number of different factors such as location, demographic detail, and existing competition of the prospective market place. This is done so to conduct marketing campaign effectively, which is a combination of advertising, personal sales, public relations, and sales promotions in a creative and cost-effective way to increase gross sales. 2. Sales Promotion Technique 2. 1. Web-based solution Basically, sales promotions are non-personal promotional activities that intend to have direct impact on sales of a product. Some activities that are in the sales promotion category include media and non-media marketing communication, increase consumers demand, and improve product availability. One of sales techniques that can help a company in maximizing its sales promotion efforts is the MediaVisor. The product is uniquely created to help salesperson of the company in executing and analyzing their interactive sales promotion programs much better (DoubleClick, 2006c). For example, figure 1 shows a company’s online sales promotion that aims at having direct impact to sales. Figure 1 Double Click’s Various Customers Solutions Source: www. oubleclick. com In order to simplify the sales promotion, MediaVisor can help Sprint Nextel in creating an easy-to-use interface, which is designed to reduce the number of clicks required to perform common actions. Therefore, the use of MediaVisor will significantly enhance the effectiveness of sales promotion process (DoubleClick, 2006c). 2. 2. Direct Mail O ne of the greatest marketing tools is direct mail, also known as database marketing. This kind of promotion is so effective since a company deliver information/offering directly to customers or prospects although it has one obvious drawback: high cost. According to one report, direct mail has a high â€Å"cost-per-thousand,† meaning it costs more to send message to a thousand people through direct mail than it does through television. However, this high cost-per-thousand can be offset by a much higher return rate. 2. 3. Personal Selling Another type of marketing tools is personal selling which is oral communication with potential buyers of a product with the intention of making a sale. The personal selling may focus initially on developing a relationship with the potential buyer, but will always ultimately end with an attempt to closing the sale. There are several benefits of conducting personal selling as follows: ? Personal selling is a face-to-face activity; customers therefore obtain a relatively high degree of personal attention ? The sales message can be customized to meet the needs of the customer ? Personal selling is a good way of getting across large amounts of technical or other complex product information ? The face-to-face sales meeting gives the sales force chance to demonstrate the product ? Frequent meetings between sales force and customer provide an opportunity to build good long-term relationships The main disadvantage of personal selling is the cost of employing a sales force and other utilities such as building rental. In addition to the basic pay package, a business needs to provide incentives to achieve sales such as commission and bonus arrangements and the equipment to make sales calls including car, travel and subsistence costs, mobile phone etc. Moreover, conducting personal selling has one limitation: personal selling is not a cost-effective way of reaching a large audience since a sales person can only call on one customer at a time. 2. 4. Cash Rebates/Cash back Selecting one or more target markets then developing a marketing mix (product, price, promotion distribution) that satisfies the needs of the target market. One of the strategies is to give cash rebates/ cash back as incentives for target market to keep visiting stores By definition, cash back Program is an incentive program that rewards customers for repeatedly shopping at stores. Hence, it generates more revenue from particular selling points. For example, if a company wants to increase the number of sales from online stores, they may present additional discount for customers who purchase online. How to cite Sales Promotion Technique, Papers

Post-Internship

Question: What did you do to improve your capabilities in the skill and knowledge areas required for the role? Describe at least one activity in which the training you participated in improved your understanding of the skills/knowledge required for the role? Answer: Executive summary In this report I am going to summarize my experience after my internship from the company Townshed and Associates. I will include a small introduction of the company, a industry analysis, about the organization, the core business, business location, brand image, my role as an intern in this company, the primary task and projects which will be handled by me. In this report I will also detail the task and projects assigned to me, my training, theories I have learnt throughout the internship, professional development, self-management skills, effective communication capabilities, and problem solving skills. Later in this report I will also highlight the major outcomes, its influence on my career development and on learning and also completed with a structured conclusion of my experiences. The Internship 1 Introduction Internship is the most important phase for any students before stepping into the real professional world. Therefore, through this report, a detailed overview of the companys account will be demonstrated along with the key leanings and the key experiences gained from the internship. On the other hand, the last portion of the report will demonstrate the evaluation from the supervisor and about the influence of the internship on the future career aspects. 2 Detailed Accounts of Townshed and Associates 2.1 Industry Analysis According to Brown et al. (2008) the real estate industry was one of the most lucrative investment areas in the Australia. However, the recession of 2008 and the recent restriction in the lending rate have influenced the sluggish growth of the real estate sector (Brown, Schwann and Scott, 2008). According to Biggs (2011) the absurd market pricing in the Melbourne and Sydney has created a bubble within the sector. In recent scenario it has been observed that the lending rate has touched the highest point compared with the lending rate of 1991 (Trivedi, 2015). However, according to the report by Trivedi (2015) has shown that the property prices majorly the residential property prices have grown up to 12.40% on the other hand the value of the industrial properties has increased by 7.6% (Trivedi, 2015). However, on an average in the year 2014 overall the industry has experienced a de-growth of 7.9% (Trivedi, 2015). According to Ofaircheallaigh (2013) this de-growth in the industry is a global phenomenon (O'Faircheallaigh, 2013). According to a current study by Mori (2014) the Asian major china has also experienced an overall 4.30% decline in the real estate market (Mori, 2014). According to Trivedi (2015), the growth of the real estate market will experience declining growth in 2015. The major issue is that the affordability of the properties especially in the major cities like: Melbourne and Sydney. 2.2 The Organization Townshed and Associates started its journey from 2008. The company came into the real estate business after spending a five very successful years in the family boutique business. The main philosophy of the business is that to develop such a kind of housing that will provide full satisfaction to its esteemed clients (Hua, 2011). The company has developed the core team very wisely. They have developed small teams for each of the department with both experiences and the young peoples. This has helped the company to deliver the best in class interior and exterior to its clients (Townsend-associates.com, 2015). 2.3 Core Business The main business of this company is the boutique for the families. This business has given a very positive visibility for the company in the Australia (Kaya and Williams, 2005). This visibility has helped the company to expand their business in the real-estate segment. The main motto of the company is to provide 100% satisfaction to the clients (Townsend-associates.com, 2015). 2.4 Business Location This company operates form the location Kinross central shopping centre that is located in Selkirk and Connolly Drive in Australia (Townsend-associates.com, 2015). 2.5 Brand Image (National International) The company is operating within the country only (Spence, 2014). The past success and reputation in the family boutique business has helped them to establish and maintain the strong brand image of the company. The brand image of the company has increased due to its membership in the Reiwa (Townsend-associates.com, 2015). 3 The Role In this company, I majorly worked for the Administration, Accounting Administration, Tax (Personal Tax and Company Tax), quick book and payroll. I was here appointed as a junior operation executive during the time of my internship. In these sections, my prime role was to maintain the primary processes for all these departments through maintaining a regular workflow logbook. 4 Primary Task and the Projects In the, company my primary task was to maintain and ensure the smooth work process within the mentioned departments (Vogel, 2007). Other than this, the other primary task was to maintain synchronization between the administration department, accounting department and the payroll department. However, the secondary task was to maintain and prepare a daily basis report about the flow of work between the mentioned departments. However, during my internship I have participated in the implementation of the ICT within these departments. My prime role within this project was that to analyze the effectiveness of implementing ICT within the mentioned departments. The other project where I have participated during the tenure of my internship is that the simplification of the associated processes through implementing a single window information section. 4.1 Detailed description of the Task and Projects I majorly worked within the following mentioned working areas: Personal tax Company tax Quick book Payroll Accounting Administration General Administration In the tax areas, my prime job role was to provide the first line of support to the queries coming from the corresponding clients and the departments. In this supporting process my key focus areas was to provide detailed systematic process assistance through both telephonic and via e-main process. My other responsibility within these segments was to keep a record of each communication through developing a separate report for each of the queries and solutions provided to those queries. In the payroll segment, my job was to provide detailed level information to the human resource department for the preparation of the payrolls and associate jobs for each employee. The other job in this segment was to update the information received from the human resource department and the administrative department. In the accounting and general administration my key responsibility was to deliver the required information asked by the various departments and clients. I used to escalate the different queries to the concern departments and resend the replies to the concern departments or clients. In the general administration, my prime job responsibility was to maintain the administrative process and to maintain the synchronization within the departments. While maintaining the synchronization my prime responsibility was to maintain the work log in which the daily progress of the respective jobs needs to be logged. Through this workflow process, I have learnt about the intra organizational synchronization. 5 Provided Training The training was provided to maintain the daily work log and to prepare the daily report through collecting the data from the respective departments. On the other hand, the other training was provided to provide the information about the different processes about the different taxation and handling of the different taxations. This training helped me to know about the different anomalies of the company tax and the personal taxes and their corresponding processes. The other thing what this training helped me is to understand wide ranges of the processes to calculate the personal and the professional tax. However, a special training was provided to maintain the payroll for the internal employees and to handle the queries from them. While this training was given, a detailed learning-material was provided on the labour law and companies act. This helped me to learn about the different legal aspects of the employment, the dos, and donts from the company point. 5.1 Description of One Activity The training activity on the payroll has helped me to develop my knowledge in the companies act and labour law. 6 General Discussions on the Theory Learnt As my internship was focused more on taxation, accounting and administration, I have come across different theories associated with these areas. I have obtained practical experiences and to understand those practical aspects I should definitely have basic knowledge in theories. I have learnt the concept of hidden taxes, voluntary taxes, and diverted taxes. I have also learnt the concept of business equity, accounting equation, debit, credit and many other things. I have worked as an intern in this organization and apart from my mentor I have also got assistance from other internal employees. While understanding those basic theories I have correlated those theories with my practical experiences. Therefore, the work experiences have helped me to understand the significance of those theories and their applications in practical life. 7 Assessment on the professional development The capacity of professional development assessment has helped me immensely to boost my workplace performances. I had little knowledge regarding a workplace or what actually it means by being professional prior I have joined this organization. Through experienced based learning and communication I have learnt different factors that are associated with professionalism. To elaborate the extent of my professional development it will be justified to mention that I worked in personal tax, company tax, payroll, quick book, finance, accounting administration, spread sheet, data entry, and basic documentation and so on. After completion of my internship I have gained a concrete and deep understanding about these areas. I have obtained practical knowledge and confidence on these subjects. I have joined here as an intern, but my aim was to prove myself capable enough to join this company as a permanent and full time employee. I was immensely happy that with this single internship I have gained loads of productive knowledge and experience in my life. This will definitely help me in my future, whether I join this company or any other company. While comparing my initial experience with current experience I have found out a bif difference between my learning. I always preferred experience based learning which was entirely not possible to obtain from the class environment and the internship in this company has helped me to achieve the experience based learning in a very good way. 7.1 Effective Communication Effective communication is an important thing which is required for daily life. Communication can be a complicated process. The probability of conveying incorrect messages can take place in any type of communication whether it is an organization or any other type of sectors. Hence the communicators need to be well aware of the fundamental components of the communication process. Fail in maintaining communication can cause negative results. In this organization when I was undertaking internship, I have come across many people from different part of this world. People have their own way of communication. Being in an organization it is my responsibility to understand the way of their communication. I have understood the fact that people always do not have the patience to keep their mental stress away because of work pressure, so if someone ever communicated with me in a wrong way, I have maintained my patience and tried to sort out the matter. From my mentor and senior other internal pe rsonnel, I have learnt more efficient communication. This means I understood the importance of effective communication, but also it is an important factor insider an organization that communication in a profession requires much more efficiencies. This I have learnt from experiences while working in the company. I was not that aware of formal communication, as this is obvious because prior I have no experience on any kind of professional environment. But while started working as an intern I have seen how people communicating with each other regarding any project or task and started gaining experience on professional communication. 7.2 Problem Solving Effective skills in problem solving help professionals to identify severity of the complications; analyze problems and illustrate the impact of optional solutions (Levin, 2007). Training in workplace generally structured to improve problem solving capabilities assists personnel to perform more effectively with customers, colleagues, vendors and partners. Trained employees learn to apply accessible resources to determine complications in a productive manner. Moreover, the tradition reaching consents by observing complications from professional perspective and not from a personal perspective. Different training games for example group discussion or brain storming activities prepare the personnel for workplace environments. In Townshed and associates I have gained experience on problem solving along with my internship courses. At the end of each week, my mentor use to arrange a brain storming session or group discussion, where we use to discuss about the project we have already worked o n for that week. Few internal personnel also use to join our group that helped me immensely in terms of gaining experience. Problem solving skills include identification of a problem, proposing solutions, evaluating options and solution implementation; which I like the most while working in this organization that, the solutions offered by me were also accepted and appreciated by my mentor and other seniors. I have also assisted by the internal personnel where I was wrong. 7.3 Self-management The improvements of self management capacities are one of the best management practices for the productive personnel (Gabriel, 2014). While organizations are inclined to expend huge amount of energy and money to offer their personnel with specific training and self management capacities, individual personnel can personally arrange surveys associated with self-management to describe whether the employee has the needed skill set. In Townshed and associates my mentors along with the HR department have arranged short trainings in self management. This program includes self resistance, problem solving, communication, time management, memory and physical activity. I am little poor in case of time management. This is because I have a habit of going through a single task frequently before submission unless I reach to a satisfactory point. This might make the process more time consuming and then I use to get delayed. This problem has been sorted out by my mentor, who has strongly developed ti me management skill inside me. Generating expected results within a time frame verifies the accomplishment of the effort. My mentor has made me learn that time management is considered as an essential self management capacity which makes a worker to become more productive for an organization. Initially I felt suffocated because of assigned project pressure but slowly learnt how to efficiently manage time in order to deal with the work pressure. 8 Key Outcomes Highlighting those A right internship is an extremely significant step in the initial search for a rewarding career. It provides a wonderful opportunity for a hands-on learning in this field of knowledge. There are a number of positive outcomes of doing an appropriate internship. Firstly, we get an opportunity to work in a proper job environment where one can apply the theories and skills that has been learnt at the universities and this assist a lot in the personal development. Every university prepares the students to be a thorough professional and make the best possible contribution for the achievement of goals and objectives on which we work on. Hence internships give us this opportunity to show case our talents. Sometimes during the internship I also had to do some not so significant work such as filling envelopes or photocopying but such work was extremely little and mostly done to meet deadlines and encourage public relations. While summing up the key outcomes this internship can be said to have assisted in an overall development of me as an individual in the aspects of career, skill and personality. Development of career since it gave a knowledge of position for pursuing a particular career option. Development of skill as it provided an understanding of the technical skills and knowledge of the workplace and development of personality as it assisted me in decision making and critical thinking to increase my confidence and self-esteem. 9 Supervisors Evaluation I was extremely fortunate to be guided by a supervisor who has given me a number of opportunities during the internship. He was competent enough to understand the job as well as the work that I was doing and helped me with the problems. He has been available whenever I needed him. He always had a positive attitude and always encouraged all the interns and made the working environment enjoyable. When required he also shared the work load and assisted us in the work when we got stuck with the activities. Further he also had a very high standard of performance of the work and expected each one to his or her very best. When it is appropriate he also delegated duties and responsibilities giving us a chance to initiate taking responsibilities in the area of work. The supervisor also practices good customer service and also regularly solicits and asks everyone about their opinion on improving the working environment in the workplace. He always provided proper and timely feedback for all the work that I did during the internship. He was also extremely professional at work and left no opportunity to rebuke us when the work done was not up to the mark. He always maintains confidentiality at work and encourages respect for all employees. Hence looking at the above features it can be stated that the supervisor was good for the internship. 10 Influence on the career direction Firstly I would like to state that it is never too late to develop yourself into such a professional that you always aspired to become. This internship helped me a great deal primarily to narrow my choice of job. After this internship I have realised my potential as a worker. I have understood that I can perform at a much higher level than I had imagined. Since presently I had the opportunity to work as an intern I got the strength to observe the broader picture and see the work of other employees. As an intern I had the opportunity to contribute to the company for which I was working and it also broadened my horizon on work and learn about life. This internship will hopefully also give me a good network of connections that would help me to find a good job after education is completed. During the internship I worked with global clients and this helped me to expand my network of connections. This internship influenced my future plans and made me interested in companies and jobs in this area. This experience helped me analyse what kind of work best suited me and in what kind of job I would be satisfied in. Internships are very important to make students come in terms with real working environment. Here students also get the chance to share and gain various knowledge and experiences. 11 Influence of internship on learning Internship programmes are extremely helpful for any student who is about to venture into the professional world. It gives an idea of the working environment for the students. For internships I had the opportunity to work in a number of different areas to increase my knowledge and skill in this field. I had worked in the area of personal tax, company tax, quick book and payrollduring my internship. Working in this sector helped me in learning quite a lot of new things such as a vivid account of the different tax rates and slabs, the working of the computation of the tax rates. I had further worked in the area of accounting, administration and finance and even these works have been extremely helpful to me. While working on the accounting and finance departments the work included payrolls, collection and payment of cash and keeping track of various orders. Some other work that I have done during my internship is preparing basic documentation, responding to phone call enquiries, differen t spread sheet and data entry. While attending the quick book training session I had the opportunity to know these demanding and exciting challenges of this profession. 12 Conclusions This entire experience of the internship has been very good for my career. Throughout this internship I not only got the opportunity to learn and showcase my knowledge and skills in my area of expertise but I also got a level of experience that was totally new in my life. This opportunity helped me to develop my skills and personality along with giving me the right career path to follow in future. However, it should also be noted that during the internship my work was well appreciated by the superior and hence this construes that my work was of a lot of help for the company as well. References BIGGS, A. (2011). An Options Pricing Method for Calculating the Market Price of Public Sector Pension Liabilities.Public Budgeting Finance, 31(3), pp.94-118. Brown, R., Schwann, G. and Scott, C. (2008). Personal Residential Real Estate Investment in Australia: Investor Characteristics and Investment Parameters.Real Estate Economics, 36(1), pp.139-173. Gabriel, Y. (2014). Book Review: Occupy management! Inspirations and ideas for self-organization and self-management.Management Learning, 45(4), pp.499-503. Hua, Y. (2011). Primary Discrimination and Application of Real Estate Investment Trust and Real Estate Private Equity Funds.International Business Research, 4(3). Kaya, S. and Williams, B. (2005). Effective churn management for business.Journal of Corporate Real Estate, 7(2), pp.154-163. Levin, A. (2007). Solving the Right Problem: A Strategic Approach to Designing Today's Workplace.Design Management Review, 18(2), pp.44-52. Mori, M. (2014). Information Diffusion in the U.S. Real Estate Investment Trust Market.The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics. O'Faircheallaigh, C. (2013). Community development agreements in the mining industry: an emerging global phenomenon.Community Development, 44(2), pp.222-238. Spence, L. (2014). Small Business Social Responsibility: Expanding Core CSR Theory.Business Society. Townsend-associates.com, (2015).Townsend Associates - Leading NJ Staffing and Recruiting Firm. [online] Available at: Trivedi, S. (2015).Real Estate Market Update: Sluggish Growth In Australia And Property Prices Fall In China. [online] International Business Times AU. Available at: Vogel, H. (2007).Entertainment industry economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Working in Human Service Organization

Question: Discuss about the Working in Human Service Organization. Answer: Introduction The current essay revolves around the organizational practice in human service organizations. It has been identified that the workers who are employed in human service organizations have to follow a set of rules and work ethics. These rules and ethics could sometimes be vulnerable for the employees themselves. The workers in human service organization generally should adhere to the commitment to employers as well as employing organizations. The workers are supposed to enhance the employing agencys policies and procedures the efficiency and effectiveness of their services. In addition, social workers should take reasonable steps to ensure that employers are aware of the social workers ethical obligation. The people who work in human service organization tend to act to prevent as well as omit discriminations in organizations work assignment and tits employment. Therefore, it can be mentioned that employees in human service organizations have to deal with the certain pressure that arise due to the strict rules and policies. Furthermore, it has also been identified that multiple section of the code helps to identify that human service organizational work practice could produce the conflicts between the workers and the agency. These issues or the points of conflicts have long been recognized based on the profession as well as it continues to pose the challenge to the conditions and the nature of the practice. The current essay provides an essay regarding the type of duties and responsibilities, the workers tend to carry out being employed in the organizations. Likewise, the essay extends to the discussion of the major contradictory pressures that employee need to balance. The work practices are discussed with strategies related to the topic. The essay also provides an intensive discussion on the theories such as supervisions, counseling and self-care. In addition to all these, the essay incorporated a brief on psychological factors that could influence the performance in human service organizations. Background of workers in human service organizations It has been identified that human service organizations tend to employ a large number of workers kin range of capabilities job role. As put forward by Beresford (2010) four main players in complex organizations including the professional, the manger and the support workers and the leaders. This specialization is based on the understanding of thee power and this could only occur in those organizations that hire the highly skilled people. Such organization could depend on the transformation of knowledge and information. It generally classifies each of the employers in respect to the professional as well as organization competencies. The specialization could produce archetypical roles and these are present within the social work organization. While recognizing the area of the community competence, two additional players such as the volunteer and the client can be incorporated into the schema. These players may not always be the employees of the organizations, though they could receive s ome benefits for being involved in the organizational activities. Hence, the benefits come in the form services that they receive and the opportunity to gain skills. On the contrary, Corcoran and Roberts (2015) mentioned that front line workers are usually considered as being at the Coal Face of human service activities. It is observed that these are the people that have the most contact with the service users as well as who consequently have the considerable community competence. Conversely, Gabler and Hill (2015) mentioned that social as well as human service organizations tend to work with some of the most fragile as well as at risk population that could include the elderly, the homeless as well as low income families. In addition to these, the human service organization also provides the services to people with disabilities, and the people who are suffering from domestic violence. Therefore, if an organization is providing the services this type of population in need or work with or as the part, a government agency aimed at helping the less fortunate, the organization is not supposed to risk exposing the workers (Gallina, 2010). The organization is not supposed to recruit people who are with questionable character while serving these populations of people. Moreover, any such incident not only put the people in danger but also could dramatically tarnish the image of the organization. Therefore, it is necessary for the human service organization to check or identify the background of the workers who wish to work in human service organizations. The workers with many people and non-profit organizations with social as well as human service goals turn to verified volunteers for background screening. This could minimize the chances of risk and increase the quality of human services. Every organization in this particular category or the industry should think of hiring people who are characteristically clean without any criminal record. As put forward by Guerci et al., (2015), the social work and the human service workforce organization, especially in the community service industry has employed a lower percentage of the workers with post-school qualification in comparison with other workforce sector. For example, the education is aligned with health professional. Key contradictory pressures workers need to balance Human service workers need to provide a range of services aiming at enhancing victims life. Hence, the type of services they provide could vary by client group, the type of organization that hires the workers as well as their role in the agency. However, the human service workers tend to perform many of the same categories of the tasks, where they evaluate persons needs as well as create a treatment plan. However, it is observed that workers who work in human service organizations have to implement or follow certain rules and procedures that sometimes put pressure on the workers. Consequently, the employees may lose confidence and their quality of performance may decrease. Personal problem- The workers often suffer from different personal issues such as sickness, pressure of running a join family, linguistic problem, culture issues and others that could hamper the performance of the employees. As mentioned by Jeane (2013), as the organizations often maintain a diverse workforce and build a positive culture, the employees could feel sense of negativity. For example, some people may think as they belong to a different culture, they are given more priorities than others are. In addition, the some people face the difficulties of language. When the other employees in the workplace are good at communicating with people and receiving appraisal words from others, the people who lag behind in this context may keep themselves away from others. This could increase their insecurity and disaffection. While providing the human services to others, they might lack confidence. Moreover, the language barrier could be a major issue for the workers in social service organization (Ozanne Rose, 2013). For example, if the workers are supposed to deal with the people who speak a different language, they might not be able to understand the issues and find solutions. Thus, the clients may be disheartened, which could be an external burden for the employees in service organization. In addition to this, the people who find it difficult to mix with people who belong to the different culture may find their job difficult, as in social service sector, the workers are supposed to meet people who may not be from the same culture. Work life balance- People often talk about the significance of accomplishing the elusive work life balance. However, Ramos et al., (2015) commented that people are in the rush of finding the perfect balance pipe dream a wasted effort. In the era, the fast-paced workplace, most of the people are asked to do faster with limited resources. Consequently, there could be more pressure to be effective and successful. Hence, the work seems to be exemplary and life is expected to perfect with children and fulfilling personal hobbies as well as take a good care of physics. However, it is difficult for the employees to maintain this balance due to some organizational practice. Especially, when the organizations build multiple categories of rules and procedures, the employees find it difficult to cope up. In addition, in some organizations work shift are not flexible and changeable; consequently, the workers find it difficult to take care of their personal life. They eventually suffer from increased pressure and burden. In addition to this, when it come to offer the human services, the work practice could be little rigid and not changeable. In this particular sector, the employees often have to deal with the urgency or emergency situations. As the result, the issue of their personal life remains unresolved (Tablan, 2014). Organizational plan- It is observed that due to the absence of open management style in human service organization, the employees have to go through a harsh schedule of work. When the organization set some particular objective or the goals, the employees are asked to perform aligning with the goals. This could be an internal burden for the workers. Due to the autocratic leadership style in the service organization, the employees do not find comfort in sharing their personal issues with the leaders (Haynes, 2015). The workers go on performing their duties, which eventually make them stressful. As discussed earlier, in many section of the codes of work practices developed by the organization, could produce conflicts between the professional as well as the agency. As the employees are tied with the ethics, sometimes making an ethical decision may not be as simple as it is. The code of ethics provide certain guidelines and ethical behavior, which could not be simple as following the ethic x and the ethic y. this happens as the ethics are contextual. Furthermore, it is also observed that in spite of the innovations in how the service organizations are managed, the factor remains that professional practice within an organizational context may contain some irregularities, which could produce strain. As argued by Lusch and Nambisan (2015), the employee should have an unconditional loyalty to the organization and they should demonstrate a greater level of acceptance of the objective set by the organization. Notwithstanding, the employees by virtue of training as well as their ability to conduct the particular tasks, could have different priorities and style of work. Industrial relation: theory and practice- Due to the pressure from the workforce and the labor union, the government of different nations have attempted to balance flexibility with fairness as well as preserve hi-tech regulations along with the introduction of the right to the minimum wages. On the contrary, while focusing on the industrial relation, the origination could go beyond the mere descriptions to build the connection between the workplace enhancement and the change in the agency (Hasenfeld Garrow, 2012). This means the organizations would follow and implement the corporations rules and procedures but considering the workers demand and principle of faire work commission. However, in return, the organization also expects something more from the workers. Notwithstanding this could sometimes be a burden to the workers when they are not able to meet the requirement. The dialect of autonomy and the control in creative labor- It has been identified that creative labor could occupy a greater contradictory position in todays global and knowledge-based economy. Conversely, the organizations might have to keep the balance their instable need for the stream of advanced ideas with the strong imperative to control the intellectual property. Hence, the creative labors find it difficult to find the balance between the urge for self-expression and the need to earn for living. Role of conflicts- It is evident that no organization is free from the conflicts as it is unavoidable. However, the impact of organizational conflicts could depend on the ways in which it is dealt with. In human service organization, due to the array of codes and ethics, the individual may find it difficult to implement. The organizational conflicts could occur by several reasons such as communication gap among the workers, poor wage structure, unfavorable leadership style and other internal issues. As put forward by Dhar (2015), organizational conflicts sometimes could educate people by helping workers learn a lot regarding themselves and others. Thus, it can be mentioned that organizational conflicts the ability to the organization to reshape its internal culture and solve the conflicts. Differences in moral and values- As opined by Denhardt, Denhardt and Aristigueta (2015), the values are the rules based on which the people make decisions regarding the right and wrong, good and bad. Thus, what is good for the organization may not always be good for the workers as well. For example, due to the increasing competition in the industry or the growing demands of clients, the organization increases the work hours. Hence, the workers in non-profit organization may be dealing with the problems like time schedule, over burden of work, inflexibility and others. On the contrary, the morals are formed based on the inborn values but they are correlated to each other. Hence, it is advisable to talk about the business morals that may include prompt service, excellence, safety and quality. When employee expectations are not fulfilled they lag behind these morals. Strategies available Supervision-It is observed that human service agencies assist in the movement of the organization towards the goals and objectives. Hence, supervision is the technique of overseeing the operation or performance of an individual or groups. Barrett et al., (2015) opined that three different elements such as administrative, education as well as the support. It is observed administrative supervisions in human service organization are generally concerned with the effective implementation of organizational procedures as well as procedures. As human service organizations have to deal with wide range of services and activities, the supervisor of the agency needs to assist the employees to work to their abilities. The supervisor needs to ensure that organizational requirement is implemented. Counseling- It is evident that services provided by the non-profit organization incorporate the values and ethics and the agencies maintain certain standards. Therefore, the it is necessary for the agency to provide counseling to care givers as they have to take broad range of responsibilities. In addition, the workers need to be competent in providing the services. Here, the special emphasis should be given on the achievement of excellence in academic as well as professional competencies. As the responsibility, the care providers hire the people who have excellent academic records and have skills of dealing with stressful situation (Scott Davis, 2015). The workers in human service organization should have the ability to provide and maintain the quality of services in accordance with the requirement. However, while conducting such broad range of abilities, the workers may have to deal with the certain anxiety. Hence, counseling could be an effective to motivate the workers. Figure: 1 A metaphoric image of stress aced by people (Source: Scott Davis, 2015) Self-Care- it has been identified that people who work in human service agency are keen to provide the best quality of services to the clients. However, the care providers treat thee clients following a traditional way of approach such as focusing on the needs and provide remedy but today, the approach of treating the clients have been changed as people expect more. Apart from the providing clinical treatment to the clients, the employees of human service organizations provide self-care such as treating the person nicely forming a personal relationship such as friendship. Conclusion The broad discussion mentioned above helps to learn that workers in human service organizations have been improving the ways or approach of providing the services to people who are badly in need. Gone are the days, when the care providers tend to provide the treatments following the ethics and procedures; now people expect more from the person they rely on. Figure 2: An image of treating the patient (Source: Dhar, 2015) Thereby, the workers in service agency provide emotional support and treat the patients sharing the events of their life, which helps the clients to gain support. The clients may suffer from many difficulties or problems; thereby, the human service workers should routinely provide emotional support along with other forms of assistance. Hence, this care provides should form an effective working relationship to make the clients feel comfortable sharing the issues honestly and seeking for help. Reference list: Barrett, M., Davidson, E., Prabhu, J., Vargo, S. L. (2015). Service innovation in the digital age: key contributions and future directions.MIS quarterly,39(1), 135-154. Beresford, P. (2010). Hong Kong Agenda Consultation Paper: Service User/Consumer Involvement and Social Work. Bern: IFSW. Corcoran, K., Roberts, A. R. (2015). Social Workers' Desk Reference. New York: Oxford University Press. Denhardt, R. B., Denhardt, J. V., Aristigueta, M. P. (2015).Managing human behavior in public and nonprofit organizations. Sage Publications. Dhar, R. L. (2015). Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of organizational commitment.Tourism Management,46, 419-430. Gabler, C. B., Hill, R. P. (2015). Abusive supervision, distributive justice, and work-life balance: perspectives from salespeople and managers. Journal of Personal Selling Sales Management, 247-261. Gallina, N. (2010). Conflict Between Professional Ethics and Practice Demands: Social Workers Perceptions. Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, 21-25. Guerci, M., Radaelli, G., Siletti, E., Cirella, S., Rami, S. A. (2015). The Impact of Human Resource Management Practices and Corporate Sustainability on Organizational Ethical Climates: An Employee Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 325-342. Hasenfeld, Y., Garrow, E. E. (2012). Nonprofit human-service organizations, social rights, and advocacy in a neoliberal welfare state.Social Service Review,86(2), 295-322. Haynes, P. (2015).Managing complexity in the public services. Routledge. Jeane, W. A. (2013). NASW Standards for Social Work Case Management. New York: National Association of Social Workers. Lusch, R. F., Nambisan, S. (2015). Service Innovation: A Service-Dominant Logic Perspective.Mis Quarterly,39(1), 155-175. Ozanne, E., Rose, D. (2013). The Organizational Context of human service practice. South Yara: Palgrave. Ramos, F. R., Brehmer, F. L., Trombetta, A. P., Silveira, L. R., Drago, L. (2015). Ethical conflicts and the process of reflection in undergraduate nursing students in Brazil. Nursing Ethics, 428-439. Scott, W. R., Davis, G. F. (2015).Organizations and organizing: Rational, natural and open systems perspectives. Routledge. Suhonen, R., Stolt, M., Katajisto, J., Charalambous, A., Olson, L. (2015). Validation of the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey for older people care. Nursing Ethics, 517-532. Tablan, F. (2014). Ethical Implications of Catholic Social Teachings on Human Work for the Service Industry. Journal of Religion Business Ethics, 1-23.